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Thomas Jefferson
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James Madison
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James Monroe
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- “Protecting the Young Republic.” U.S. Diplomacy. Association for Diplomatic Training and Studies, 2009. http://www.usdiplomacy.org/exhibit/protecting.php.
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John Quincy Adams
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Andrew Jackson
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- Meacham, Jon. American Lion: Andrew Jackson in the White House. New York: Random House, Inc., 2008.
- Pettus, Louise. “Andrew Jackson’s Christmas.” 18 Dec. 2007. RootsWeb, an Ancestry.com Community, 2009. http://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~waxhaw/pettus/christmas.html.
Martin Van Buren
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- Martin Van Buren 1782-1862, Edited by Irving J. Sloan, Oceana Publications, Inc., Dobbs Ferry, New York, c. 1969.
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William Henry Harrison
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- “William Henry Harrison Home, Grouseland, Indiana.” nps.gov. National Park Service. Department of the Interior. http://www.nps.gov/history/nR/travel/presidents/harrison_grouseland.html.
John Tyler
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James K. Polk
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- Polk, James Knox. “The Diary of James K. Polk during his Presidency 1845 to 1849.” Chicago: A.C. McClurg & Co., 1910. http://books.google.com/books?id=MBsOAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA250&lpg=PA256&ots+vQ_AgL6aAp&dq=james+polk+diary+christmas&output=text.
Zachary Taylor
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- Eisenhower, John S. D. & Arthur Meier Schlesinger, Jr. Zachary Taylor. Macmillan, 2008. http://books.google.com/books?id=auLb_1ca8dsC&pg=PA88&lpg=PA88&dq=zachary+taylor+diary&source=bl&ots=mjR0Wj8jkH&sig=w-a5OyGMG76ALJbgioFr-VEMIsU&hl=en&ei=UucSStfFFIyq8gT9_oCABA&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=4#PPP1,M1.
- Marriott, Michel. “Zachary Taylor’s Remains are Removed for Tests.” 18 Jun. 1991. The New York Times, 2009. http://www.nytimes.com/1991/06/18/us/zachary-taylor-s-remains-are-removed-for-tests.html.
- Seybert, Tony. “The Strange Death of Zachary Taylor.” 29 May 2005. Daily Kos. Kos Media, 2009. http://www.dailykos.com/story/2005/5/29/135238/064.
- “The Territorial Issue.” Zachary Taylor and Millard Fillmore. Profiles of U.S. Presidents. Advameg Inc., 2007. http://www.presidentprofiles.com/Washington-Johnson/Zachary-Taylor-and-Millard-Fillmore-The-territorial-issue.html.
- “Zachary Taylor.” 12 Jun. 2009. Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, Inc. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zachary_Taylor.
- “Zachary Taylor.” 15 Jun. 2006. Aztec Club of 1847, 2007. http://www.aztecclub.com/bios/taylor.htm.
- “Zachary Taylor (1784 – 1850).” American President, An Online Reference Resource. Miller Center of Public Affairs, University of Virginia, 2009. http://millercenter.org/academic/americanpresident/taylor/essays/biography/7.
Millard Fillmore
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- “Mary Abigail Fillmore.” 11 Feb. 2009. Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, Inc. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mary_Abigail_Fillmore.
- “Millard Fillmore.” 27 Jul. 2009. Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, Inc. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Millard_Fillmore.
- “Millard Fillmore (1800 – 1874).” American President, An Online Reference Resource. Miller Center of Public Affairs, University of Virginia, 2009. http://millercenter.org/academic/americanpresident/fillmore/essays/biography/1.
- “Millard Fillmore 1850-1853.” About the White House – Presidents. WhiteHouse.gov., 2009. http://www.whitehouse.gov/about/presidents/MillardFillmore/.
- Scarry, Robert J. Millard Fillmore. Minneapolis: Lerner Publications Company, 2007.
Franklin Pierce
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- “Franklin Pierce.” 5 Jun. 2009. Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, Inc. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Franklin_Pierce.
- “Franklin Pierce.” American Presidents. History Empire. http://www.american-presidents.com/franklin-pierce.
- “Franklin Pierce (1804 – 1869).” American President, An Online Reference Resource. Miller Center of Public Affairs, University of Virginia, 2009. http://millercenter.org/academic/americanpresident/pierce/essays/biography/3.
- “Jane Means Appleton Pierce.” About the White House – First Ladies. WhiteHouse.gov, 2009. http://www.whitehouse.gov/about/first_ladies/janepierce/.
- “President Franklin Pierce.” SeacoastNH.com, 2009. http://www.seacoastnh.com/Famous_People/Link_Free_or_Die/President_Franklin_Pierce/.
- Summers, Robert S. “Franklin Pierce.” 30 Mar. 2009. The Internet Public Library, 2009. http://www.ipl.org/div/potus/fpierce.html.
James Buchanan
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- Baker, Jean H. “James Buchanan.” New York: Times Books, Henry Holt and Company, LLC, 2004.
- “James Buchanan.” 22 May 2009. Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, Inc. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Buchanan.
- “James Buchanan.” Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission. Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, 2009. http://www.phmc.state.pa.us/ppet/buchanan/page1.asp?secid=31.
- “James Buchanan Biography.” Biography.com, A&E Television Networks, 2009. http://www.biography.com/articles/James-Buchanan-9230228.
- Kelly, Martin. “James Buchanan – Fifteenth President of the United States.” About.com, New York Times Company, 2009. http://americanhistory.about.com/od/jamesbuchanan/p/pbuchanan.htm.
Abraham Lincoln
- “Abraham and Mary Lincoln.” Christmas at the White House. Herbert Hoover Presidential Library & Museum, 2009. http://hoover.archives.gov/exhibits/WHChristmas/lincoln/index.html.
- “Abraham Lincoln.” 9 May 2009. Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, Inc. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abraham_Lincoln.
- Brown, R.J. “Thomas Nast – The Power of One Person’s Wood Engravings.” HistoryBuff.com. http://www.historybuff.com/library/refnast.html.
- Bunker, Gary L. “Thomas Nast’s Rare Lincoln Political Caricatures.” Illinois Periodicals Online. http://www.lib.niu.edu/2001/iht820129.html.
- “Christmas in the American Civil War.” 14 Jan. 2009. Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, Inc. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christmas_in_the_American_Civil_War.
- Khan, Adam. “Honest Abe.” Afterhours Inspirational Stories, 2008. http://www.inspirationalstories.com/4/436.html.
- “Lincoln-Douglas Debates of 1858.” Illinois in the Civil War, 2007. http://www.illinoiscivilwar.org/debates.html.
- McNamara, Robert. “The History of Christmas: Many of our Traditions Began in the 19th Century.” About.com, New York Times Company, 2009. http://history1800s.about.com/od/entertainmentsport/a/christmas19thc.htm.
- “Sherman’s Christmas Gift to Lincoln.” Library of Congress. http://www.myloc.gov/Exhibitions/lincoln/presidency/CommanderInChief/EndInSight/ExhibitObjects/GiftToLincoln.aspx?Enlarge=true&ImageId=7055e861-ae59-4c7f-9b2c-749a3997a1f8%3A3592973f-507b-465f-9423- f590aafe810d%3A1&PersistentId=1%3A7055e861-ae59-4c7f-9b2c-749a3997a1f8%3A2&ReturnUrl=%2FExhibitions%2Flincoln%2Fpresidency%2FCommanderInChief%2FEndInSight%2FExhibitObjects%2FGiftToLincoln.aspx.
- “Thomas Nast.” Answers.com. Answers Corporation, 2009. http://www.answers.com/topic/thomas-nast.
- “William T. Sherman (1820-1891).” Abraham Lincoln’s White House. The Lincoln Institute, 2009. http://www.mrlincolnswhitehouse.org/inside.asp?ID=150&subjectID=2.
Andrew Johnson
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- “Andrew Johnson.” Encyclopedia Britannica, 2009. Encyclopedia Britannica Online. 02 Jun. 2009. http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/305256/Andrew-Johnson.
- “Andrew Johnson.” Ohio History Central. Ohio Historical Society, 2009. http://www.ohiohistorycentral.org/entry.php?rec=213.
- “Andrew Johnson (1808-1875).” American President, An Online Reference Resource. Miller Center of Public Affairs, University of Virginia, 2009. http://millercenter.org/academic/americanpresident/johnson.
- “History and Culture.” 22 Oct. 2008. Andrew Johnson. National Park Service. U.S. Department of the Interior. http://www.nps.gov/anjo/historyculture/index.htm.
- Kelly, Martin. “Andrew Johnson – Seventeenth President of the United States.” About.com. The New York Time Company, 2009. http://americanhistory.about.com/od/andrewjohnson/p/pajohnson.htm.
- Lorenzen, Michael & Jennie Weber. Andrew Johnson-labeled posts. American Presidents Blog, 2009. http://www.american-presidents.org/search/label/Andrew%20Johnson.
- Peters, Gerhard & John Woolley. “By the President of the United States of America a Proclamation.” 25 Dec. 1868. Andrew Johnson. The American President Project, 2009. http://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/ws/index.php?pid=72360.
- Stout, David. “The President’s Trial: The History; Family of ‘Ruined’ Senator Recalls a Legacy of Honor.” 17 Jan. 1999. The New York Times, 2009. http://www.nytimes.com/1999/01/17/us/president-s-trial-history-family-ruined-senator-recalls-legacy-honor.html.
- Yancey, Tom. “Johnson Historic Ornament Displayed on Official White House Christmas Tree.” 08 Dec. 2007. The Greeneville Sun. Andrew Johnson from Tailor to President. Greenevillesun.com, 2008. http://www.discovergreeneville.com/andrewjohnson/view.php?r=10.
Ulysses S. Grant
- Jauron, Richard. “Christmas Tree Legends.” Horticulture and Home Pest News, 7 Dec. 2001. Integrated Pest Management at Iowa State University, 2007. http://www.ipm.iastate.edu/ipm/hortnews/2001/12-7-2001/christmastree.html
- “New York Times March 1, 1885.” Ulysses S. Grant Homepage from the Keya Morgan Collection, 2009. http://www.granthomepage.com/nyt_3_1.htm
- “Ulysses S. Grant.” 18 May 2009. Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, Inc. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ulysses_S._Grant
- “Ulysses S. Grant.” Encarta. Microsoft Corporation, 2009. http://encarta.msn.com/encyclopedia_761555289/ulysses_s_grant.html
- “Welcome to Grant Grove.” 9 Mar. 2001. Sequoia and Kings Canyon National Parks. National Park Service, U.S. Department of the Interior. http://www.nps.gov/archive/seki/ggvc.htm
Rutherford B. Hayes
- “Diary and Letters of Rutherford Birchard Hayes.” Rutherford B. Hayes Presidential Center. The Ohio Historical Society, 2010. http://www.ohiohistory.org/onlinedoc/hayes/chapterxxxix.html.
- “Rutherford B. Hayes.” President Lincoln’s Cottage. National Trust for Historic Preservation, 2009. http://www.lincolncottage.org/about/hayes.htm.
- “Rutherford B. Hayes.” 1 Mar. 2010. Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, Inc. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rutherford_Hayes.
- “Saluting the Patriots; Rutherford B. Hayes.” Into the Woods. Sky at Dawn Publishing, 2006. http://www.intothewoods.us/HikerMama/Patriots/RutherfordBHayes.html.
- “Schools in the South; a Talk about them by Ex-President Hayes.” 23 Dec. 1981. The New York Times. The New York Times Archives, 2010. http://query.nytimes.com/mem/archive-free/pdf?_r=2&res=9F05EFD7133AE533A25750C2A9649D94609ED7CF.
James A. Garfield
- About the White House – Presidents. “Biography of James Garfield.” WhiteHouse.gov., 2009. http://www.whitehouse.gov/about/presidents/JamesGarfield/.
- Brown, Harry J. & Margaret Leech. The Garfield Orbit. New York: Harper & Row Publishers, 1978.
- “James A. Garfield.” 5 May 2009. Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, Inc. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_A._Garfield.
- “James A(bram) Garfield Biography.” Biography.com, A&E Television Networks, 2009. http://www.biography.com/search/article.do?id=9306645.
Chester A. Arthur
- “Chester A. Arthur.” 29 May 2009. Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, Inc. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chester_A._Arthur.
- Richardson, Joe M. “The Florida Excursion of President Chester A. Arthur.” 03 Jan. 1964. Digital Collections Center. Florida International University, 2009. http://digitalcollections.fiu.edu/tequesta/files/1964/64_1_03.pdf.
- “The President’s Christmas.” 28 Dec. 1884. Archives. The New York Times, 2009. http://query.nytimes.com/mem/archive-free/pdf?res=9E0CE0DE1F3BE033A2575BC2A9649D94659FD7CF.
Grover Cleveland
- “2007 White House Christmas Ornament Historical Essay.” The White House Historical Association, 2009. http://www.whitehousehistory.org/whha_ornament/ornament_historical-essay-2007.html.
- “2009 – Grover Cleveland.” White House Collection. ChemArt Company, 2009. http://www.chemart.com/white-house/2009-grover-cleveland/white-house-product-detail.htm.
- “An Overview of U.S. Holidays.” 12 Jan. 2008. America.gov, 2009. http://www.america.gov/st/diversity-english/2008/January/20080113151228abretnuh0.5784265.html#ixzz0BvlfB5QV.
- “Christmas at the White House.” Teacher Resource Guide. Abraham Lincoln Presidential Library and Museum, 2009. http://www.alplm.org/education/Christmas_TRG.pdf.
- “Grover and Francis Cleveland.” The Herbert Hoover Presidential Library and Museum, 2009. http://hoover.archives.gov/exhibits/WHChristmas/Cleveland/index.html.
- “Grover Cleveland.” 1 May 2009. Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, Inc. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grover_Cleveland.
- “Grover Cleveland – Presidency.” Feb. 2004. Hangout NJ. The State of New Jersey, 2009. http://www.nj.gov/hangout_nj/200402_presidents_p3.html.
- “Official 2007 White House Christmas Ornament.” Human Events Book Service, 2009. http://www.hebookservice.com/products/BookPage.asp?prod_cd=c6770.
- “Yellow Oval Room.” The White House Museum, 2009. http://www.whitehousemuseum.org/floor2/yellow-oval-room.htm.
Benjamin Harrison
- Barton, David. “Christmas with the Presidents.” WallBuilders, LLC, 2009. http://www.wallbuilders.com/LIBissuesArticles.asp?id=19192.
- “Benjamin Harrison.” 23 Apr. 2009. Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, Inc. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benjamin_Harrison.
- “Benjamin Harrison 1833-1901.” Village of North Bend, Ohio, 2009. http://www.northbendohio.org/BenjaminHarrison.html.
- “Benjamin Harrison Biography.” Biography.com, A&E Television Networks, 2009. http://www.biography.com/search/article.do?id=9329317.
- Bertelsen, C. “Christmas in the White House: President Benjamin Harrison’s…” 17 Dec. 2008. Gherkins & Tomatoes, 2009. http://gherkinstomatoes.com/2008/12/17/christmas-in-the-white-house-president-benjamin-harrisons-1890-christmas-dinner/.
- Ginsburg, Elisabeth. “The White House Christmas Tree.” Nature Hills Nursery, Inc., 2008. http://www.naturehills.com/the_white_house_christmas_tree.aspx.
- Masters, Peg. “Presidential Connection – Benjamin Harrison.” Town of Webb Historical Association, Old Forge, New York, 2009. http://www.webbhistory.org/harrison2.htm.
- Moore, Anne Chieko. “Benjamin Harrison.” Nova Science Publishers, Inc., 2006. http://books.google.com/books?id=HKBFgjrulnUC&pg=PA153&lpg=PA153&dq=benjamin+harrison+christmas+season+1895&source=bl&ots=xp-5KCvRd0&sig=zhzsUo_VP4z7jQpg0PqLVXVGpwE&hl=en&ei=vvQSavuH8fVlQeIqonwCQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&resnum=2&ct=result#PPA153,M1.
William McKinley
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- Wallace, Irving & David Wallechinsky. “25th U.S. President: William McKinley.” The People’s Almanac, 1981. Trivia-Library, Inc., 2004. http://www.trivia-library.com/a/25th-us-president-william-mckinley.htm.
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- “The President’s Christmas.” 26 Dec. 1898. Archives. The New York Times, 2009. http://query.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=990DE1DD113CE433A25755C2A9649D94699ED7CF.
Theodore Roosevelt
- “41. The Supreme Christmas Joy.” Theodore Roosevelt’s Letters to his Children, 1919. Bartleby.com, 2009. http://www.bartleby.com/53/41.html.
- Hellams, Nancy. Review of “A Christmas Tree in the White House” by Gary Hines. SquidLit. Squidoo, LLC., 2009. http://www.squidoo.com/whitehouse-christmastree.
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- Kelly, Martin. “Theodore Roosevelt – Twenty-Sixth President of the United States.” About.com, New York Times Company, 2009. http://americanhistory.about.com/od/troosevelt/p/ptroosevelt.htm.
- Lewis, Jamie. “President bans Christmas tree from White House!” 19 Dec. 2009. Peeling Back the Bark. http://fhsarchives.wordpress.com/2008/12/19/president-bans-christmas-tree-from-white-house-cites-environmental-concerns/.
- Marling, Karal Ann. “Merry Christmas!” Harvard University Press, 2000. http://books.google.com/books?id=EUc13_ourtYC&pg=PA54&lpg=PA54&dq=roosevelt+bans+christmas+tree&source=bl&ots=ux0PLqtJ2B&sig=9yr-xmUbT3vkF8KABjdGwkjxuSY&hl=en&ei=HT65SeLSA4rGtgfPuO2IBg&sa=X&oi+book_result&resnum=8&ct+result#PPA46,M1.
- Revering, Bernie. “Theodore Roosevelt: President; Hunter, Soldier.” 16 Jan. 2009. Northern Outdoors. Forum Communications Co., 2009. http://www.northlandoutdoors.com/index_articles.cfm?id=40797&property_id=5.U.
- “Theodore Roosevelt Biography.” Biography.com, A&E Television Networks, 2009. http://www.biography.com/search/article.do?id=9463424.
Ronald Reagan
- “Chronology of Ronald Reagan’s Presidency, 1979-89.” Ronald Reagan Presidential Library, 2010. http://www.reagan.utexas.edu/archives/reference/preschrono.html.
- “Ronald Reagan.” About the White House – Presidents. WhiteHouse.gov., 2010. http://www.whitehouse.gov/about/presidents/ronaldreagan.
- “Ronald Reagan.” 12 May 2010. Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, Inc. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ronald_Reagan.
George W. Bush
- “George W. Bush.” 12 May 2010. Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, Inc. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_W._Bush.
- Hallmark Cards, Inc. “Hallmark Designs 2007 Presidential Holiday Card.” Press Release. 30 Nov. 2007. http://www2.prnewswire.com/cgi-bin/stories.pl?ACCT=109&STORY=/www/story/11-30-2007/0004714398&EDATE=.
- “Hallmark Produces 2008 Presidential Holiday Card.” 3 Dec. 2008. Greeting Card Search. Write Write, Inc., 2009. http://www.greetingcardsearch.com/blog/1203081.
- “The Official White House Christmas Card – 2007.” 12 Dec. 2007. American Presidents Blog, 2010. http://www.american-presidents.org/2007/12/official-white-house-christmas-card.html.
Barack Obama
- “Barack Obama.” 12 May 2010. Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, Inc. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barack_Obama.
- Esposito, Stefano. “2 people who love each other.” 13 Jul. 2008. Chicago Sun-Times. http://www.suntimes.com/news/politics/obama/1053046,CST-NWS-obamas13.article.
- Kiely, Kathy. “O Tannenbaum: Michelle Obama accepts delivery of White House tree.” 27 Nov. 2009. The Oval. USA Today. http://content.usatoday.com/communities/theoval/post/2009/11/o-tannenbaum-michelle-obama-accepts-delivery-of-the-white-house-christmas-tree/1.
- “Obamas headed to Hawaii for Christmas vacation.” 24 Dec. 2009. Star Bulletin. http://www.starbulletin.com/news/obama/Obamas_headed_to_Hawaii_for_Christmas_vacation.html.
- Skiba, Katherine. “President Barack Obama and first lady send out holiday cards marked ‘Season’s Greetings’”. 9 Dec. 2009. Chicago Tribune. http://www.chicagotribune.com/features/holidaily/chi-talk-obama-christmas-carddec09,0,3862453.story.
- Starnes, Todd. “No ‘Christmas’ on Obama’s Card.” 10 Dec. 2009. FOX News Radio. http://www.foxnewsradio.com/2009/12/10/no-christmas-on-obamas-card/#axzz0dvLl12PT.
Donald Trump
- Stewart, Chelsea. “Donald Trump & Barack Obama’s Second Christmas Cards Have Different Takes On The Season.” 21 Dec. 2018. Elite Daily.
https://www.elitedaily.com/p/trumps-2018-christmas-card-vs-obamas-2010-card-shows-different-takes-on-the-season-15550608. - Jacobs, Sarah. “Happy Holidays from the White House: See 91 Years of Presidents’ Christmas Cards, from Trump to JFK to Coolidge.” 24 Dec. 2018. Business Insider.
https://www.businessinsider.com/donald-trump-white-house-christmas-card-2017-12#barack-obama-2012-4.